二氧化碳排放缺口报告2012(The Emissions Gap Report 2012)

turkish

The Emissions Gap Report 2012
A UNEP Synthesis Report
November 2012
Glossary.......................................................................................................................................................................... v
Acronyms...................................................................................................................................................................... vii
Foreword...................................................................................................................................................................... viii
Executive Summary......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Chapter 1: Introduction................................................................................................................................................. 8
Chapter 2: Current and Projected Greenhouse Gas Emissions......................................................................................... 9
2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................................9
2.2 Current and projected global emissions ................................................................................................................10
2.3 National emission reduction pledges and expected global emissions in 2020 as a result of the pledges..............10
2.4 Current and projected national emissions..............................................................................................................13
2.5 Comparison of current and expected emissions and emission intensities in 2020 for G20
countries with a pledge......................................................................................................................................... 18
2.6 Summary............................................................................................................................................................... 18
Chapter 3: The Emissions Gap – An Update................................................................................................................... 21
3.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................... 21
3.2 Which scenarios are analysed? .............................................................................................................................. 21
3.3 Emission levels in 2020, 2030 and 2050 for the 2°C target....................................................................................23
3.4 The emissions gap for the 2°C target......................................................................................................................24
3.5 Results for a 1.5°C target....................................................................................................................................... 24
3.6 Other findings from the least cost scenarios .........................................................................................................26
3.7 Results of later action scenarios ............................................................................................................................ 28
3.8 Present UNFCCC policy options to bridge the gap .................................................................................................29
3.9 The implications of current emissions levels and the emissions gap ....................................................................29
Chapter 4 Bridging the Emissions Gap......................................................................................................................... 30
4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................... 30
4.2 Emission reduction potentials by sector in 2020 – summary and update..............................................................30
4.3 Best practice policies ............................................................................................................................................ 32
4.4 Conclusions............................................................................................................................................................ 43
References.................................................................................................................................................................... 45